New scaling law prescribes quadrillion-parameter models for data-constrained LLM training
·2026.11.03 23:37
Key point
Baron et al. propose a scaling law that recommends ~7,000x more parameters than Chinchilla at 10^29 FLOPs, using hyperparameter transfer and ensembling to maintain loss reduction on fixed datasets.
Details
- New scaling law from Baron et al. (2026) predicts that compute-optimal model size should grow with compute budget even when the dataset is fixed, contradicting the fixed-size prescription of Chinchilla.
- Extrapolated to 5T tokens, the law prescribes a parameter count ~7,000x larger than Chinchilla's at 10^29 FLOPs, reaching quadrillion-parameter scales to close the sample efficiency gap with human learning.
- Optimal training requires scaling weight decay steeply with epochs and model size; the proposed hyperparameter transfer rules remain near-optimal at 16x the fitted compute, outperforming existing heuristics.
- Snapshot and deep ensembling are integrated as a first-class scaling axis; adding ensemble members reduces overfitting and allows loss to continue falling with increased compute, whereas prior recipes eventually degrade.
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