AI Factory: A New Infrastructure for Intelligence

The AI Factory is a new dimension of infrastructure that converts energy into Tokens to manufacture intelligence in real time. If power plants of the industrial era converted energy into electricity, factories of the AI era produce tokens, the production unit of reasoning models and agents.

The economics of this model are determined by Tokens per second, Tokens per watt, cost per token, and more. The AI Factory is designed to optimize the entire stack — including models, compute, networking, memory, software, storage, power, and cooling — to continuously output intelligence.

In particular, the proliferation of Agentic AI is changing the nature of workloads. Autonomous agents go beyond simple responses to perform advanced tasks such as:

• Reasoning, planning, search, and tool use
• Data retrieval and code writing
• Creating their own sub-agents and learning how to use tools

These multi-agent systems make AI workloads longer and deeper, requiring far greater compute resources. Infrastructure must therefore focus on maintaining efficiency so that the entire workflow can seamlessly flow into the next decision and action.