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[Windows Containers] 1: Understanding Windows Containers

·2019.05.31 09:00

Key point

This explains the core architecture of Windows containers, including HCS and HNS, along with the image and networking structure.

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Details

Windows containers use an architecture similar to Linux containers, and desired environments can be built via a Dockerfile. However, there is a difference in that images must be pulled from the mcr.microsoft.com registry, and a Windows operating system is required as the execution environment.

The core of the system consists of Host Compute Service (HCS) and Host Network Service (HNS).

  • HCS: A core runtime component that handles all of the functions equivalent to Linux's cgroup, namespaces, and file system layering.
  • HNS: Creates and manages virtual networks so that containers can communicate with external networks.

Container images use Hyper-V's VHDX format to store differencing layers, and comply with the OCI (Open Container Initiative) specification. Networking is handled via software-defined networking (SDN) through the Hyper-V Virtual Switch and Virtual Filtering Platform (VFP).

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